The annual incidence of malaria reduced from 75 million to 0.1 million in 1965, due to the introduction of National Malaria Eradication Programme. Due to various factors resurgence of malaria occurred in 1976 and 6.47 million cases were reported. The modified plan of action has been implemented from April 1977 and the cases were decreased to 2.1 million in 1982. (Source : Annual Report 1991-92, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India,1992).
Infrastructure : The programme is implemented in the rural areas through the existing infrastructure of primary health centres, through the multipurpose health workers, (MPHW). In areas where the communication is poor and the problem is high, drug distribution centres (DDC), and fever treatment depot (FTD), are operational.
At the district level, the District Malaria Officer, (DMO), assisted by Assistant malaria officer, Assistant unit officer, senior laboratory technician, and Statistical assistant, monitor and supervise the malaria control activities.
Activities: The following measures are taken under the programme to reduce the incidence of malaria:
- Anti-Parasite Measures : This involve the surveillance (survey) of the population by conducting house visits by the health workers, (called active surveillance) and the passive surveillance includes the services given at the malaria clinics, fever treatment depots, drug distribution centres. All patient are given treatment to decrease the load of parasites.
- Anti-Mosquito Measures: Insecticide spray is done in the areas where the infection rate is high. Spray with the appropriate insecticides is done to decrease the load of mosquito vector to interrupt the transmission of the malaria in the community.
- Anti-Larval Measures : These are carried out in the urban areas to decrease the vector density by spray of anti-larvicidal oil.
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